Hover



4June 1 1926. 1,586,902

- c. E. KEARNS HOVER Filed Feb. 5, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 9 ath 11 v u June 1 1926. 1,586,902

C. E. KEARNS HOVER 5 Filed Feb.. 5, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June 1, 1926.

UNITED staresl f taaaoz Para' oFricE- cHAitLns E. KEARNS, on BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

HOVER.

This invention relates to hovers, and especially to an electrically heated, automatically controlled, radiating hover.

One object ot this invention is to provide an improved electrically heated hoverwith simple and effective means tor automatically regulating the electric current, and thus automatically regulating the temperature within the living room ot chamber ot the and other foreignmatter which arises 'fromthe chick-chamber; thus affording alprotection against detriment to the action ot the heating coil and switch.

Another object is to provide an improved thermally controlled switch which is also manually controllable so as to compensate for various weather conditions or temperatures; also to provide a switch ot this kind which is controllably connected with a well known thoroughly practical and effective, yet comparatively low-priced thermostat which can be purchased from the open niarket. Y

A further object is to provide a device of this character which includes a heat-insulated partition between the heating coil or unit andthe switch-chamber' the s ace beu p tend through an insulating plate or switch-V tween the heat-insulated partition and the heat-conducting and radiatingpartition being slight so as to provide exceedingly efficient radiation ot heat into the chick-chamber, also to minimize the electric energy necessary for producing the necessary heatradiation.

@ther objects and important features will be pointed out or implied in the following details ot description, in connection with the accompanying drawings in which,-

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the central part of a hover constructed according to this invention :Fig 2 is an under Application filed February 3, 1923. Serial No. 616,683.

plan view ot' the heat-ii'isulated partition, heating unit and switch-base, parts being broken away to show other parts: Fig. '3 is an enlarged or somewhat exaggerated detail section showing the different laminas of the heat-insulated partition." Fig. 4 is a detail showing, as an article ot merchandise, the thermo-electric unit which includes the switch, the thermostat and the insulated or insulating connectionstherefor: Fig. 5 is a perspective View (enlarged) of the switchspring, its insulating nut and the controlling screw: Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the carbon-contact-holder and the carbon-contact: And Fig. 7 `is a vertical sectional View through the carbon-contact-liolder, as seen at right Aangles to Fig. 6.-

Referring to these drawings in detail, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts thoughout the several views The root` or cover 1 is preferably conical or pyramidal and has at its apex an opening in which an internally insulated channel or vent 2 i ssecured by a nut 3 or other appropriate means. This vent also constitutes an inlet for the cable which includes the supply and return conductors 4 which have their outerterminals connected to an ordinary plug or lamp-.socket connection 5. The inner terminals of the cable or conductors t are connected respectively to binding posts 6 `and 7, the latter being also connected to one terminal ot aheating coil or unit 8 `which is stretched around an inner circular series and an outer circular series of insulating knobs 9 (see Fig. 2); and the other terminal ot the heating unit 8 is connected to the switch-contact 10, ot carbon, through the medium of the contact-holder or clamp l1 and its securingscrew 12.

rlhe conducting elements 6, 't' and 12 eX- As the yspring-arm is detlected Fig. l, the spring-switch is closed, but in Fig. 1 it is held open by ther thermostat and a manually adjustable member Or screw 19 which extends up through an opening- 20 of the cover 1 and is provided with a knob or handle 21 by which it can be turned or lifted. The screw 19 is threaded in an insulating nut 22 which is united with thespring-arm 15 by means oi' screws or other appropriate means; the screw 19 also eis tending' through a large opening in the arm 15 g. this opening' providing a clear space around the screw 19, sof that the, screw is insulated from the armi 15, thereby eliminating` danger' of short-cireui-ting through this screw. .The bracket 18, of the thermostat, is, secured on the lower` end or; a. metal Jcube 2e, and! the upper end of this tube. extends through the. switch-base. 13 and is secured thereto by nuts (as: shown.) or by other appropriate. meaurs. The intermediate part of the tube 23 extenda through an openingin lower partition or radiating plate 24s which is preterabl-y of Bessemer' black iron, and

in order to avoid airy possibility off making;v

electrical Contact between' the pla-te: 2li and the pipe 23, anl insulating' tube 25 is provided around the metal tube 23.

Screws or other appropriate means 2G may be employed for uniting the switchbase 13 to the heat-insrdating partiti-on 2, and this parti-tion is preferably united with the radiating plate or partition 2.1i by means of screws 28` which entend therethrough and through insulating knobs 29I and through nuts, the latterV securing'. them in place, and the knobs 29 serving. as spacers betweeir the partitions 24 and 27. Additional spacers 30 may be employed around screws or bolts 31 which secure: the partitions and 27 in position with-in the hollow conev or pyramid which constitutes the cove-r 1.

The partition 27 is preferably a laminated structu-rev such as shown at the bottom off Fig. 2 and i11- ltlig. 3', where ai sheet-steel plate 32 (prefierably galvanized) is theY pper llamina; then, neXt, isa lamina or thin coatingY of 'water-glass next, a sheet. or plate 340i asb stoso-r other l-ieat-insrrluting materia-l1; and next or loswernrost is a second laminaor4 coat 3131 oi? water-glass; thus providing an eiiicient. electric insulation` as well as heat insulation.

The structure thus tar described is' supported, in spaced relation tothe ground or iioor onwhich they hover is used, by legs. 35 which slant downward and outward from the rim' odi the cover where they are secu-red `by screws or any other appropriatel means.

A,v wire hoop 36 rests on the upper outer surfaces of these. legs, and the wall 38. of fabric or other flexible material is. provided with a hem or channel through which this hoop extends for supporting the wall 38 and' permitting it to be slid alongthe hoops circumference. The usual entrances are provided in the wall 38 by means ciV vertical slits or slashes.

The clamp 11 (Figs. 6 and 7) is formed oi' conductingmaterial having a cylindrical outer surface. ln its lower end is the threaded bore 11a which receives theseeuringA screw l2.;V in its upper end is the socket 11b which holds the carbon-contact 10; a dialnetral bore 11-e provides slightly flexible elements on its opposite sides; a slot 11 extends axially and 'd-iainetrally through the body from the upper extremity to the opening 11C, thus p-royid-ingr jaws on its opposite sides; and screw 11e is threaded in one jaw and extends through the other jaw and ce crates with these jaws to clamp the carbonecontaet 10 and hold it in diilerentadjustments with relation to the contact 16.

When the screw 19 is properly adjuster for a predetermined temperature vin the chick-chamber, and when this temperature is exceeded' or reached, the water-thermostat 1S expe" ds upwardly rin-til it lifts the screw 19 su 4ciently to open the switch by separating; its contacts 10 and 16, as sliown in Fig. 1; thus stopping" the generation ot heat in the heating unit 8; so the; chickchainber immediately begins to cool g. but before it ha cooled toany detrimental ertent, the thermostat retracts and permits switch to ai-itomatically close; and thus the heat ot the. chick-chamber regulates itsel-t tlu-oughV Ythe thermally controlled switch.

The heating coil may bemade ol any appropriate kind of wire, and the coil, when stretched on the knobs 9,. is preferably 841- i-nches long, lfor' a hover whose radiating; pla-te is 241 incl-ies diameter. The breathspaces between the couvolutions of the coil is approximately as wide as the diarr- .tcr ol the wire, and the diameter oitl each convolution is preferably about live-thirtyseconds oi an inch.

The cable vwhich includes the conductors l is preferably tied into a; knot at the nut 3 to prevent the terminal-s from bein-g pulled loose from their binding posts, and an insulating washer 4a isf or may be provided vto preventv wear 'ofi the insulation of the cable by the lower endoi the inlet tube 2.

It isi not intended to. limit this: invention to the exact' construction and arrangement here shown,` but changes may be made within scope of the inventive ideas as claimed and implied.

7h-at I claim as my invention isz- 1. The hover or broeder whichineludes a cover having thereunder a chick-chamber provided with a heat-radiating ceiling, a heating unit over and. adjacent to said ceiling,- but spaced: from the ceiling, conducting means through which said heating` unit can Bil be electrically energized for generating heat and transmitting heat to said ceiling, a heatinsulating plate over and adjacent to but spaced from said heating unit and adapted to deflect the heat down on the heat-radiating ceiling, said heat-radiating plate and heat-insulating plate and cover combining to 'form a substantially air-tight or draftless chamber in which the heating unit is air-insulated7 said conducting means including a switch; and' means operable for opening and closing the switch when the temperature in the chiclechamber becomes suliiciently high.

2. The structure defined by claim l, a hollow cover in which said heat-radiating plate and heat-insulating plate are secured in proper relation to form substantially closed chambers above and below the heat insulating plate; said switch being in and protected by the upper one ot these chambers, said heating unit being in the lower one or" these chambers and thereby having its heated air confined to a considerable and beneficial extent in contact with said heat-radiating plate so as to eiiiciently impart heat to the latter.

8. The combination of a chick-chamber; a heat-radiating plate disposed horizontally over the chick-chamber iii-position to radiate heat into the chick-chamber; an insulating element supported by the said plate; and an electric conductor including a heating coil, a switch and binding posts, said plate being provided with an inner series and an outer series of insulating` supports on its lower side; said binding posts secured to said insulating element and extending trom the lower side to the upper side of said plate; said heating coil having its ends connec-ted respectively to the lower ends ot the binding posts and having its intermediate portion stretched around the insulating supports by reaching alternately from an outer support t0 an inner support and thence to an outer support and so on substantially as shown7 said switch being on the upper side of said insulating element and having its terminals connected to the upper ends of the respective binding posts.

t. The combination of a chick-chamber, a heat-radiating plate disposed horizontally over the chick-chamber in position to radiate heat into the chick-chamber; an insulating element supported by said plate; and an electric conductor including a heating unit, a switch and binding posts; said plateebeing lprovided with insulating supports on its lower side; said binding posts being secured to said insulating element and eX- tending` from the lower side to the upper side ot said plate; said heating unit having its ends connected respectively to the lower ends of said binding posts and having its intermediate parts extending around said insulating supports; said switch being on the upper side of said insulatingelement and having its terminals connected respectively to the upper ends of said binding posts.

5. The combination of a chick-chamber; a hollow cover therefor provided with an .apex having a hole therethrough; an upper and a lower partition disposed horizontally in said cover and thus providing an upper chamber and a lower chamber; electric conducting means including a plug-connection provided with a Yleed wire and a return wire, a switch having one terminal connected t0 one of the wires of plug connection, and a heating unit having one terminal connected to the other wire of said plug connection, the other terminal of the heating unit being connected to the other terminal of said switch; said wires o'lx the plug connection extending through said apex; a thermostat in said chick-chamber and a manually adjustable switch-opening element eX- tending through said cover and through said partitions into the path of' expansion ot said thermostat; said heating unit being in said lower chamber, said switch being in said upper chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHARLES E. KEARN S. 

